Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each with its own characteristics and treatment methods.
Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each with its own characteristics and treatment methods.
But one thing does not change with pancreatitis: the old lifestyle and diet will remain a thing of the past, because the basis for treating pancreatitis is an almost lifelong diet.The pancreas does not forgive nutritional errors, reacts immediately with pain and digestive disorders.
Basic information about pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease;it develops due to abdominal trauma, viral damage to the pancreas, due to disorders of the liver and gallbladder, after poisoning with alcohol and other toxic substances, frequent and severe nutritional disorders - prolonged fasting, dieting with the aim of losing weight.
The main signs of pancreatitis are:
- abdominal pain - sharp as a dagger, almost to the point of loss of consciousness in acute pancreatitis, or dull or aching in the chronic form;
- nausea and vomiting;
- Irregular bowel movements, often severe diarrhea, fever;
- sudden weight loss.
For acute pancreatitis, you usually need to be hospitalized.Chronic acute exacerbations can be treated at home but only under a doctor's supervision.Self-medication in case of pancreatitis is dangerous due to the development of complications including pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic melting of glandular tissue, self-digestion of the gland) and the development of peritonitis, which is fatal.
Nutritional treatment of pancreatitis
Medicines, enzymes and diet for pancreatitis are selected by the doctor based on the patient's condition and laboratory data.However, the general principles of adjusting the diet are always almost the same.They help the digestive process and the pancreas rest, which means they relieve pain and normalize health.
Nutrition for pancreatitis is very limited - you will have to forget about most of the usual foods.You need to eat often, about 5-6 times a day - every 2.5-3 hours, with an 8-hour break.But portions should be small in volume - about 200-250 g, especially in the early period after exacerbation of the disease.
All dishes are prepared mechanically - almost all are eaten pureed.Later, as the inflammation subsides, larger particles will appear in the food, but you need to chew the food thoroughly.
Since the entire body is affected by inadequate nutrition when suffering from pancreatitis,It is necessary to increase the protein component of the diet (meat, fish, dairy products) - on average up to 140-150 g of protein per day.
But fats and carbohydrates, which stress the pancreas, are kept to a minimum possible.Carbohydrates are provided about 300 g per day, fats - no more than 70-80 g.
Products that have a juice effect are eliminated from the diet - meat and fish broths, cabbage juice and decoctions;During severe pain, you should fast for 1-2 days under the supervision of a doctor.
If you have pancreatitis, you need to drink more water -You should drink a maximum of 2 liters of clean water per day, taking 2-3 sips of water about every half hour during the day.
Of course, when you have pancreatitis, you need to completely stop smoking and drinking alcohol.They are the most powerful provocateurs of epileptic seizures.
What should be excluded?
The list of banned products becomes quite impressive and may be discouraging at first.However, if these restrictions are not observed, relief can take a very long time.Gradually, you can carefully expand your diet, adhering to the general principles of proper nutrition.
So, during the entire acute period or moments of exacerbation of the chronic process, you need to exclude:
- beetroot soup, cabbage and borscht soup, okroshka, soup with meat, mushroom and fish broth, broth;
- fatty meat - pork, lamb, goose and duck;
- internal organs - kidneys, heart, brain, liver;
- fried, smoked, salted and spicy dishes;
- canned foods;
- sausage;
- fatty fish (catfish, sturgeon, sturgeon, carp);caviar;
- lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- fatty dairy dishes - cream, sour cream, kumiss;
- yolk, boiled egg;
- dishes with millet, corn, barley, beans;
- cabbage, radishes, radishes, rutabaga, eggplant, onions and garlic, sorrel, cucumbers, tomatoes and bell peppers;
- citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranates, cranberries;
- chocolate, jam;
- hot chips, sauces, dressings, vinegar, ketchup;
- all carbonated drinks, even mineral water (only without gas);
- strong tea and coffee, juices, cocoa;
- all fresh bread and cakes, pancakes, pies, shortbread.
As you can see, the list of restrictions is quite long, but this applies only during the acute course.After that, you can gradually expand your diet a little, but you will have to forget about unpleasant and "heavy" dishes almost forever.
What can you eat?
This is the first question that arises after reading the list of prohibitions.Of course, the diet is not very diverse, but it is aimed at maintaining rest for the pancreas and reducing inflammation.
Allowed:
- yesterday's dry bread, crackers;
- vegetable soup, vermicelli;
- steamed meat and poultry dishes - cutlets, meatballs, rolls, pates, meat purees;
- boiled fish fillet (low fat), grilled fish, omelet;
- milk, cottage cheese, low-fat and light cheese, kefir;
- vegetable oil and butter (in porridge);
- Pureed vegetables and stews, boiled vegetables;
- pasta, noodles, cereals - oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat, rice;
- unsweetened grilled fruit (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- compote, jelly, jelly;
- rosehip decoction, herbal tea, bran water.
Of course, the diet has restrictions, but with the approval of your doctor, you will gradually expand your menu.
Sample menu
It is worth remembering that this menu can be used at home when the exacerbation of the condition subsides;In the acute stage of pancreatitis, fasting and gradual feeding are prescribed.When planning a diet, remember: there should be at least five meals with approximately equal calorie content and digestive load.
Pancreatitis treatment menu for 5 days
Day one
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread, 200 ml mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlets - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, pureed zucchini - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, 1/3 banana.
- Afternoon snack: fruit jelly - 100 g, low-fat cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pcs, weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Day two
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge -200 g, 2 white bread, 200 ml milk tea.
- Second breakfast: steamed beef cutlets - 100 g, carrot soup - 200 g, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml dried juice.
- Lunch: pho - 200 ml, boiled chicken - 100 g, pureed vegetables - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, mineral water - 200 ml, half a grilled pear.
- Afternoon snack: applesauce - 200 g, still mineral water - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cheese - 100 g, cheese sandwich (30 g of cheese, one piece of toast), weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Day three
- Breakfast: squash and pumpkin puree - 100-150 g, 2 white bread, 200 ml mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cheese - 100 g, half a grilled pear, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of juice.
- Lunch: broccoli soup - 200 ml, boiled meat, puree - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, chamomile tea - 200 ml.
- Afternoon snack: stewed vegetables - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
Day four
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread, 200 ml mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, pureed carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, 1/3 banana.
- Afternoon snack: omelet - 100 g, baked sweet apple, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pcs, weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Day five
- Breakfast: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pcs, weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlets - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: pasta soup - 200 ml, steamed fish cutlets - 100 g, pumpkin puree with carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, Maria cookies - 2 pcs.
- Afternoon snack: grilled fruit - 100 g, low-fat cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread, 200 ml mineral water (still!).
If you follow your doctor's recommendations, strictly adhere to the diet, and follow all instructions, you can quickly achieve relief.But a fairly strict diet with limited "heavy" foods will last from 3 to 6 months.And then you will constantly need to limit fatty foods, fried foods, spices and canned foods.